John hunt ing ton



4 and the side of the case.

taai-1nd glatte JOHN HUNTINGTON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

Letters Patent No.i 100,766, dated lila/rch 15, 1870.

CONDENSER AND LIME-EXTRACTING HATER.

The Schedule referred to :in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom 'it may concern;-

Be it known that I, JOHN HUNTINGTON, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio,

`have invented certain new and useful AImprovements like parts in the same time heating the water supplied the boiler, and

extracting therefrom the lime `held in solution, thereby supplying the boiler with pure water-condensed steam, thus preventing theincrustations of the boiler.

In ligrl A represents a shell or cylindrical c ase,l

theA size of which being more or less, as the capacity ofthe engine may require. 4 i

Within said case is a series of conical-shaped diaphragms or partitions, Bv C, arranged one above the other, in the order as'showu in the drawing, in which it will be seen, that the upper or first one ot' the series Bis of less diameter than the diameter of the case, and which is supported therein by being attached to the sides of the case by lugs D,fig. 2, thereby leaving a space, E, between the edge of the diaphragm It will be observed that the convexed side of the diaphragm B is upward, and terminates in a close `top or point, whereas the sccouc` diaphragm C is so arranged that the convexed side is downward, and instead of having a close pointed crown, it is truncated, thereby forming an opening, F, at the center.

This diaphragm, as will be seen, is attached directly to the sides of the casein a tight, close manner, there Ibeing no space between it and the case.

The arrangement of' the third diaphragm is like that of the rst, the point or apex being directly under the opening of thediaphragm next above, and so on through the whole series of diaphragms, be there in ore or less. 'Iuus each alternate diaphragm is attached directly to the side of. the case, and provided p witha holein the center, and each alternate one attached to the sides ofthe case by means of lugs, leav -ing a space between it and the case, the apex of which is closed, and immediately under the opening of the next diaphragm above, as shown in fig. l.

G is an induction steam-pipe;

H, an induction water-pipe;

l, an exhaust; and y J, the supply-pipe leading to the boiler.

The practical operation -of this apparatus is as follows, viz:

It is placed in such position to the engine that the exhaust-pipe discharges into it through the pipe G. The exhaust steam ascends therein by passing upward through the space E at the side ofthe case, thence' through the central opening F, from there again thropgh the side spaces around the diaphragm, and so on to the tog-,as indicated by the arrows.

The apparatus'lbeig also connected to the pump,

the water lowstherein through the pipe H, and dei scends through the same passageways through which the steam ascends. f

By thisv arrangement of diaphragms' and passageways, it will be obvious that the volume of water forced into the apparatus is diffused over a large surface of heated-metal. The steam, as it rst enters, falls directly upon the apex of the cone-like diaphragm, and is thereby broken `and diused over the cone, falling down from the edges thereof into the iu-Y verted diaphragm immediately below, down which it flows to the central opening, and again upon the apex of another diaphragm, as'before, and so on until it reaches the vbottom of the apparatus, from which it is conducted by a pipe to the boiler in a highly-heated condition.

It will be obvious that the water, in its descent over the diaphragms and through the passage-ways, is met by the direct action of the steam at the points E and F, the two currents impinging upon each other in equal diffusion and concentration, the steam rapidly heating the water to a hightemperature, and in turn the water condensing the steam, so that no Asteam escapes from the apparatus to the outside. A certain amount of cold air only passes from the apparatus through the exhaust-pipe I.

The water in its descent is driven back against the under side of the diaphragm by the direct action oi' the steam at the points E and E', and by its being thus diffused and atomizcd, the lime which it may have in solution is depositedupon the entire surface' of the apparatus, but most abundantlyou the under side of the diaphragms, and especially at the points K and E', the center and edges where the steam im- Y pinges with the greater' force, and therefore attacks the lime with the greatest energy. A

This precipitation of the lime is most thorough and complete, so that the water is given to the boiler free from its presence, hence no incrnstations can take place in the boiler.

The lime deposits are removed from the apparatus through hand holes,`indicated by the dotted lines a, into which the hand is introduced and the scale scraped oli" and taken out.

This apparatus is well adapted to marine engines,

,aient dtilillre.

as it can make vlittle or no difference in its operation whether it stands exactly in a vertical position or at an angle, The descent of the water and the ascent of the steam will go on the same, there being no lodgement of the water in the apparatus, in consequence of its being tlu'own from a perpendicular end hence no obstruction to the ascent of the inducted steam.

rlhe diaphragms are represented as ot' a conical shape, the best adapted for marine purposes, but which, however, may be varied more or less from such shape to that of a low crown, suiiicient only to run the water from the center to thc circumference, and from thence to the center.

I am aware that conical-shaped diaphragms, constructed with alternate central and peripheral openings, have been betore used in various forms of coudensers and purifiers, butin all such either the steam enters near the upper part of the condenser, or it' entering below the diaphragms, is permitted in large part to flow upward through a central verticalV tube, and discharged near the upper part ot" the apparatus, a small portion only iiowing out from side apertures provided -in the vertical tube, while the water tlows down through the annular openings or space outside the tube.

In my apparatus the entire current of steam is compelled to pass upward by the saine course by which the water descends, the opposite currents therefore eucountering cach other at every point ot' their progress, until the steam is entirely condensed.

Furthermore, the central opening of my apparatus being entirely unobstructed, the steam dashes toward it and enters it from every direction, and the disturbance produced by the commingling currents of steam and water necessarily becomes greater than if the opening, were so obstructed by a vertical tube or otherwise, as that, at any given point in the periphery of the opening, the steam could strike Vthe descending sheet of water upon one side only, merely dashing it against such obstruction, rather than, as in my inven tion, against other steam-currents.

As the perfection of the operation depends upon the intimacy with which the water and steam are commingled, it Will be obvious that the unobstructed central opening, by producing a more perfect atomization of the water, must to the same degree more perfectly purify the water and condense the steam.

I am also aware that condensers have been used in which the water passes alternately from side to side, and falls from the edges of rectangular plates, and in which the entire volume of exhaust steam enters below such plates, encountering the descending water at each turn of its descent; but such condensers are materially different from mine, irasmuch as the water is not assaulted at one point-l` as at the central opening of my alternate diaphiagms, where the steam can be projected into it from all directions.

l do not therefore claim, broadly, the use 0f conical diaphragins, when inclined alternately toward and from the axial line of the condenser; neither do I claim broadly the arrangement oi'- tbe diaphragms in such way as that f while the water in its descent passes from one side to the other, the entire volume of steam mustenconnter it at each point of its fall; but

`What l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A condenser and lime-extractor, provided with eonical diaphragms, constructed with alternate peripheral and unobstructed central openings, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN HUNTINGTON.

Witnesses:

J. H. BURRIDGE, D. L. HUMPHREY. 

